Determinant of Extended Second Stage Labor among Mothers who Deliver in Dire Dawa City at Public Health Institution, Eastern Ethiopia, 2023:

A Case-Control Study Design

Abstract

Background: The extended second stage of labor presents a clinical challenge where there is debate over whether extended labor in nulliparous women with epidural anesthesia leads to a lower rate of cesarean sections without elevating risks for mothers or newborns. This stage can become extended, often leading to complications for both mothers and infants.

Objective: To determine the factors that contribute to an extended second stage of labor among mothers delivering in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia, in November 2023.
Method: A facility-based case-control study was performed. Mothers who delivered at health facilities in Dire Dawa city from November 2022 to March 2023. A total of 388 mothers who sought delivery care in randomly selected healthcare facilities participated in the study. Data collection utilizes face-to- face interviews, and document reviews. The collected data was edited and analyzed in different software. Bivariate and Multivariable analysis was conducted

Result: Based on this study, factors associated with the extended of the second stage of labor included not engaging in physical exercise (AOR = 4.9; 95% CI: 2.1, 11.3), being nulliparous (AOR = 2. 6; 95% CI: 1.6, 4.2), insufficient uterine contractions (AOR = 2. 8; 95% CI: 1.7, 4.5), and a birth weight of 4000 g (AOR = 2. 6; 955 CI: 1.5, 4.6).

Conclusion: Physical activity, parity status, uterine contractions, and the weight of the newborn were identified as factors linked to the duration of the second stage of labor.